Hair

Collagen Supplements for Skin, Hair, and Nails: What to Know

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When Mary Claire Haver, MD, became interested in the potential of collagen supplementation about a decade ago, she struggled to find many gold-standard studies that showed major improvements in the aspects that mattered most to her patients, such as cellulite, wrinkles, and bone health.

Now the data seems to be more plentiful, though still murky. Collagen supplements appear to be safe to take and somewhat effective, depending on what problem you’re trying to solve, what type of supplement you take, and which ingredients are included.

“I always say to look for the evidence,” Haver said. “I saw randomized controlled trials with a particular type of collagen supplement — called VERISOL — that showed improvement. Since it helped and certainly wouldn’t hurt, I began taking it, and it became part of my routine.”This video is from the WebMD Archive.

Can Collagen-Boosting Foods Erase Wrinkles?

Can Collagen-Boosting Foods Erase Wrinkles?

Can foods rich in collagen-boosting proteins reverse signs of aging? Find out what you should include in your diet to promote healthy collagen production for a radiant complexion.

Haver, an OB/GYN in Texas who has drawn a major following on social media under the brand The ’Pause Life, speaks about the challenges of menopause and the changes in nutrition, exercise, and supplementation that may help. Haver sells collagen supplements with VERISOL under her brand, but she still cautions her patients and followers to be careful about what they choose to use since supplements aren’t regulated by the FDA. 

“Companies can slap a label on anything and market it, and part of why I created my brand is because it’s so hard to find reputable products,” she said. “On top of that, you also see ‘meno-washing,’ where companies market products as menopause-related and mark up the prices.”

In general, Haver recommends looking for supplement companies that use third-party testing, checking the manufacturing location and date for freshness, and being aware of unrealistic claims. If anything seems too good to be true, it probably is.

“I receive DMs from followers with screenshots from Instagram or TikTok ads, asking if a product is good or if the claims are real,” she  said. “Buyer beware: Nothing cures menopause, but there are things we can do to support our bodies, including the proper supplements.”

What Is Collagen?

Collagen serves as a major structural protein in connective tissues and provides support to skin, hair, nails, bones, tendons, and cartilage. Collagen is also a building block for proteins such as keratin, which forms skin, hair, and nails. Other substances, including hyaluronic acid and elastin, work with collagen to maintain skin elasticity and moisture.

More than two dozen types of collagen exist, with type I making up 90% of the collagen found in the human body. Although the body naturally produces collagen through amino acids found in protein-rich foods, production decreases over time due to aging, alcohol consumption, smoking, and sun damage, which can lead to common issues such as wrinkles, joint pain, and dry skin.

Collagen supplements typically use types I, II, and III, with types I and III being good for skin, hair, and nails and type II being good for joints and cartilage. The most bioavailable forms — or most readily available for digestion — are sold as hydrolyzed collagen, or collagen peptides that are broken into smaller molecules that the body can absorb. 

But collagen isn’t considered a “complete protein” because it doesn’t contain all of the essential amino acids needed to help the body function, so supplementation can’t replace protein powders or other supplements with all nine essential amino acids.

What Do Studies Show About Collagen Supplements?

New studies about collagen supplementation have emerged in the past decade, with a notable increase in recent years. For instance, a 2021 systematic review of 19 studies that tested hydrolyzed collagen supplements among 1,125 people showed favorable results for skin hydration, elasticity, and wrinkles. In 2023, another review of 14 studies with 967 people found encouraging results for skin moisture levels and elasticity. Yet another 2023 review of 26 studies with 1,721 people also showed improved skin hydration and elasticity. Additional studies have noted potential benefits for joint stiffness and pain, bone density, and brittle nails. 

“The good news with collagen is that, unless the product is adulterated or doesn’t follow good manufacturing practices, it typically won’t harm you to take,” said Mahtab Jafari, PharmD, a professor of pharmaceutical sciences at the University of California, Irvine. Jafari and her research team test botanical extracts and dietary supplements for their anti-aging properties and long-term health effects.

With collagen products, Jafari suggests paying close attention to ingredients. She recently received a call from someone who started taking collagen and developed a rash. After looking at the product, Jafari saw that it used marine-based collagen, and the person was allergic to fish. Collagen supplements may use fish, chicken, cow, pig, eggshells, or other sources of protein, she noted, yet companies sometimes make it difficult to learn about the sources or ingredients of the product.

In addition, Jafari said, companies may use studies or data to back up their claims, but that may not tell the whole story. Most collagen-related studies use self-reported measures from study participants, who may look in the mirror and write down what they see. This can skew the results since some of the measurements are subjective, including the appearance of wrinkles, fine lines, skin hydration, or elasticity.

“Consider all of the other variables that aren’t measured: Did all of the study participants use sunscreen? What are their stress levels?” Jafari said. “If you don’t use sunscreen to prevent sun damage, for instance, then oral collagen isn’t necessarily going to help.”

Supplement-related studies also tend to have major limitations. Most of the studies are observational, which means they don’t directly test the product as part of an experiment, and they often include a small number of people. In collagen-related studies, nearly all have included only women, most focused on skin (rather than hair, nails or joints), and many are funded by supplement companies.

“There are a few studies that suggest collagen supplements may be helpful, but more rigorous research is needed to confirm that this is true,” said Temitayo Ogunleye, MD, an associate professor clinical dermatology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine.

Although studies are improving, few shed light on the correct dosing or the other ingredients, such as vitamin C or hyaluronic acid, that may boost the positive effects of collagen, she says, as well as potentially less helpful ingredients such as added sugars or artificial flavors. 

“Many of the studies utilize supplements with other ingredients, making it difficult to tease out which ingredient may be contributing to perceived changes,” she said. “There is also a lack of standardization for measuring improvement or increase in collagen synthesis to objectively assess response to therapy.”

What Else Should I Consider With Collagen Supplements? 

Collagen supplements are generally safe to use, but other methods may be just as effective, such as eating a balanced diet with enough protein, Ogunleye said. 

Collagen and Your Body: What to Know

photo of collagen strands micrograph
1/11What Is Collagen?Collagen is a protein your body makes naturally. It makes up about a third of all of the protein in your body. It’s essential for healthy joints. It also keeps skin elastic to lessen wrinkles. For that reason, collagen supplements are popular. They claim to make skin look younger, but does science support the hype? And do you need more?   
illustration of human anatomy
2/11What Collagen Does for Your BodyThe word comes from the Greek word “kólla,” which means glue. Collagen’s strong fibers work like glue to hold things together in your body: muscles, bones, tendons, ligaments, organs, and skin. 
types of collagen triptych
3/11Types of CollagenThere are 16 different types of this important protein in your body. But most of it is type I, II, or III. Each one has a different job. Type I builds skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Type II helps to make cartilage, the flexible tissue between bones and in your ears and nose. Type III helps create muscles and blood vessels. 
photo of mature couple flying kite
4/11Collagen as You Get OlderAs you get older, your body makes less collagen. You can’t measure exactly how much you have, but when it drops you may have symptoms such as joint pain or stiff tendons or ligaments. Your muscles may weaken. You could also have papery skin. Taking collagen supplements may help ease these symptoms. Talk to your doctor about the best approach for you. 
photo of sunshine, smoking, sweets triptych
5/11What Hurts Your Collagen Levels?Besides time, three main things will lower your collagen levels: sunlight, smoking, and sugar. Too much exposure to ultraviolet light makes its fibers unravel. This can lead to sun damage, such as wrinkles. Many of the chemicals in cigarette smoke can damage it, which can make skin sag and wrinkle. Sugar causes the fibers to cross-link and tangle. This makes your skin less elastic over time.
photo of eczema on chest
6/11What Collagen Can’t DoThere’s no proof that collagen treats skin conditions such as eczema or atopic dermatitis. While collagen shots can help to treat acne scars, there’s no evidence that collagen supplements can stop or treat acne. And no studies show that it helps with weight loss.
photo of collagen cream
7/11Do Collagen Creams Work?Skin creams with synthetic collagen may not be an effective way to boost this protein in your body. They add a protective barrier on your skin and stop water loss, but they don’t raise the amount of it in your skin. It’s better to protect your skin from the sun, especially early in life when skin may be more sensitive. 
foods that boost collagen levels
8/11Foods to Boost Your Collagen LevelsYou can help your body make more collagen by eating healthy foods. To make it, your body puts together amino acids called glycine and proline. You find these acids in high-protein foods such as chicken, fish, beef, eggs, dairy, and beans. Other nutrients, like vitamin C, zinc, and copper, also play a part. You can get vitamin C in citrus fruits, tomatoes, and leafy greens. For zinc and copper, try shellfish, nuts, whole grains, and beans.
photo of bone broth
9/11Bone Broth and CollagenSome good sources for the proteins that help build collagen are foods like red meat, chicken, and bone broth. To make bone broth, you simmer animal bones in water for 1-2 days. This draws some collagen proteins out into the broth. Your body doesn’t absorb it right into your skin or joints, though. It breaks it down into amino acids that help build tissue. You can buy bone broth in grocery stores or make your own.
photo of collagen powder
10/11Do You Need Collagen Supplements?If you eat a balanced diet, your body likely makes enough collagen for your needs.  Most of the studies into collagen supplements have been small. We need more large studies to understand their effects on health. But if you do want to try one, they’re generally safe and don’t have side effects. They usually come as a powder that you can mix into drinks or sauces.
photo of collagen supplement label
11/11Are Collagen Supplements Regulated?The FDA doesn’t regulate collagen supplements, so companies that make them don’t have to prove that they work or are safe. If you buy them, look for these keywords in the ingredients: collagen hydrolysate, hydrolyzed collagen, or collagen peptides.

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Medically Reviewed by Zilpah Sheikh, MD on March 12, 2024

“Since it’s broken down as other proteins, I don’t see why ingesting collagen would be more beneficial than eating other forms of protein,” she said. “Creams aren’t worth the effort.”

For anti-aging properties in particular, Ogunleye recommends sun protection and retinoids over supplements, as well as lifestyle modifications such as getting enough sleep and reducing stress.

“My takeaway is that all the data is very weak,” said Robert Anolik, MD, clinical assistant professor of dermatology at the NYU School of Medicine. “As it stands now, I don’t recommend that my patients consume collagen supplementation because I believe it ultimately needs more data for a medical recommendation simply because there is no strong proof of efficacy.”

Anolik points to the simple physical nature of consuming food or a supplement: You can’t dictate where the collagen goes in the body after being digested, so if you decide to take a supplement, it should be p

art of an overall approach rather than a specific solution.

“Just because we consume collagen doesn’t mean that it’s going to migrate right into the skin layers where we want it,” he said.  “Additionally, just because we consume something doesn’t mean it will act in that specific function in our body. I’d love to have a stronger hairline, but if I swallowed some hair, it unfortunately won’t go right to my scalp.”

How To Make Your Hair Grow Faster

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8 tips for healthy locks

Woman washing her hair biiotin benefits hair loss

That pixie cut seemed like a good idea at the time. But now you’re staring in the mirror, and the reflection looking back is more, “Eek!” than chic.

Is there anything (anything?!) you can do to speed up the growing-out process? Dermatologist Wilma Bergfeld, MD, gives us the long and short of it.

How fast does hair grow?

The hair on your head grows in cycles. At any time, about 80% of your hair is actively growing. The remaining strands are in either a resting state or preparing to die and fall out.

If your hair is shedding like crazy, see your doctor to rule out any illnesses or nutrient deficiencies that might be responsible. But if scissors — not shedding — are at the root of your problem, you’ll have to summon some patience: Hair grows a measly 4 to 6 inches per year.

Tips to make your hair grow faster

The internet “experts” may be in love with that inversion method (where you hang your head upside down for a few minutes to, theoretically, promote blood flow to your scalp and grow your mane), but scientists haven’t tested it out yet.

When you want your hair to hurry up and grow already, Dr. Bergfeld recommends these proven methods:

1. Get checked by a doctor for deficiencies 

“Take care of your health issues,” she says. Hormonal abnormalities, anemia and other nutrient deficiencies can short-circuit the growth pattern. Dr. Bergfeld recommends having your doctor do some tests to identify any possible deficiencies.

2. Eat a balanced diet

A well-rounded, nutritious diet is important for head-to-toe health, including the hairs on your head. Avoid diets that cut out entire food groups, Dr. Bergfeld cautions. And if you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, make sure you’re getting all the protein types and nutrients your body needs. Your doctor or dietitian can help you create a well-balanced eating plan.

3. Try out some vitamins and supplements

Give your locks a boost with the nutrients that matter most for hair growth. A well-balanced diet can include these vitamins (and more). You can also consider oral supplements to ensure you’re getting the full menu of hair-growing nutrients.

Some of the biggies include:

In addition to these long-studied vitamins, there are some new supplements that Dr. Bergfeld says have shown good results in clinical studies.

What about biotin or collagen?

Both biotin (aka vitamin B7) and collagen are frequently touted as go-tos for strengthening your hair (nails and skin, too). Dr. Bergfeld says both may be useful when you’re looking to grow your locks.

“Biotin improves hair growth and helps with inflammation,” Dr. Bergfeld notes. “The hair follicle, the skin and the nails all benefit.”

Get your fill of B7 from foods like eggs, fish, meat, seeds, nuts, sweet potatoes, broccoli and cauliflower, or try out a mega-B vitamin.

Likewise, Dr. Bergfeld says collagen supplements have recently shown strong results in initial clinical studies, but more research is needed. Collagen is a protein that supports healthy skin, cartilage, bones and connective tissue.

4. Use color and chemical treatments with caution

Hair that’s weak and damaged will break long before it reaches great lengths (or even medium lengths). Avoid bleach and chemical treatments that can damage hair.

5. Keep it cool

Like chemicals, heat styling can damage your hair. Try to avoid frequent blowouts and step away from the curling iron. If you can’t resist, use a heat protectant before you style.

6. Know your hair type

Fine, coarse, curly, colored — different hair types have different needs. If your hair is dry, for instance, wash it less frequently and use a heavier conditioner. If your hair is fine or very curly, it can be easily damaged. Avoid brushing while it’s wet and use products designed for your hair type.

7. Get trims

Scheduling a haircut can feel counterproductive when you want your hair to get longer. But regular trims keep hair from breaking and getting even shorter, Dr. Bergfeld notes.

“Split ends run up the hair fiber like a rip in your stockings. You need to clip those off,” she adds.

8. Pamper your scalp

Look to the root of the problem, Dr. Bergfeld suggests. “If your scalp is itchy or flaky, that translates to inflammation, which turns off hair growth.” To keep your scalp happy, try anti-dandruff shampoos or avoid heavily fragranced shampoos and conditioners, which can irritate sensitive skin. “If your scalp is healthy, your hair will be the best it can be,” she says.

What about rice water for hair growth?

The science isn’t proven, but ancient Japanese legends claim that rinsing your mane with rice water is key to flowing tresses. At least anecdotally, there seems to be some benefit to this generations-old pro-tip. Why could it work? Rice includes the antioxidant inositol, which is known as a hair rejuvenator.

Hair products to avoid

Dr. Bergfeld adds that it’s best to skip shampoos and serums that claim to contain hair-growing vitamins. “Those don’t penetrate the skin or hair well,” she explains.

Sadly, there’s no magic formula to transform you into Rapunzel — at least not yet. “Major cosmetic houses have some of the best chemical scientists in the world,” she says. “Lots of researchers are working on this.”

Study reveals many hair care products contain a potentially dangerous compound that can harm the environment and humans

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People often use hair care products to keep their hair healthy and lustrous, but are these products really safe? According to the alarming results of one study, some hair care products often contain decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, a volatile compound more commonly known as D5.

In many countries, particularly those in the European Union (EU), the amount of D5 that can be used in products is limited because the compound has been found in aquatic ecosystems and marine life.

D5 also has lubricating properties. The ingredient gives a slippery and silky feeling when applied to the skin and hair, and it allows a product to spread more easily. This is why D5 is used in medical implants, lubricants, sealants and windshield coatings.

Details of the study were published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology. D5, also known as cyclopentasiloxane, is used in different personal care products, such as:

  • Antiperspirant
  • Concealer
  • Deodorant
  • Eyeliner
  • Eye shadow
  • Foundation
  • Hair conditioner
  • Hair detangling products
  • Hair spray
  • Hairstyling gel and lotion
  • Lipstick
  • Moisturizer with SPF
  • Shampoo
  • Sunscreen
  • Waterproof mascara

D5 can harm the respiratory tract, liver and nervous system

The scientists who conducted the study reported that D5 has been found to “lead to adverse effects on the respiratory tract, liver, and nervous system of laboratory animals.”

Unlike the EU, the U.S. is not restricted in its use of D5 in personal care products. Because of this, a research team made up of experts from Indiana University and Purdue University tried to find out what, if any, amount of D5 is safe, particularly in indoor settings.

The study findings revealed that common leave-in hair care products expose people to a potentially toxic amount of D5. The exposure also increases when using appliances like hair straighteners. (Related: 7 TOXIC ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products.)

Researchers conducted the study in a specially controlled environment at Purdue University called the “Zero Energy Design Guidance for Engineers” (zEDGE).

zEDGE is a tiny house that allowed the researchers to control the air temperature, humidity and ventilation in different rooms, including the bathroom.

During 46 experiments, the scientists instructed the volunteers, who were between the ages of 18 and 65, to go through their typical hair care routine within the zEDGE under different air environments.

Using the zEDGE, the research team would make changes such as turning the exhaust fan on high, opening windows and venting air to the outside.

According to initial measurements, the study participants could inhale up to 20 milligrams (mg) of D5 per 20-minute hair session in a room without ventilation.

The researchers also reported that the volunteers with longer hair were exposed to 2.5 to 5.4 more emissions than individuals with short hair. Additionally, if the volunteers used appliances to heat their hair, exposure increased.

The worst offender was hair straighteners, which increased an individual’s exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by 145 percent, versus a curling iron, which increased exposure by at least 65 percent.

To avoid exposure, the scientists recommended avoiding the products altogether.

If this isn’t an option, they said the next best solution would be to run an exhaust fan while using such products. The researchers explained that turning on a fan could reduce peak exposure by at least 70 percent, and the concentration is reduced by up to 95 percent after 20 minutes.

However, even using a fan has disadvantages. The researchers said that exposure to the chemicals didn’t stop with the person who coifed their hair.

Depending on the ventilation system, other people, including those outdoors and in urban environments, could be at risk for exposure to VOCs, particularly D5.

While past research showed that wash-off products containing D5 are not toxic to humans, animals or aquatic organisms, the silicone-based chemical can also accumulate.

The EU has enforced a strict limit on D5 because of how much it accumulates in the water. Experts have voiced their concerns because the chemical bioaccumulates through the food chain once it builds up in a body of water.

Litfulo becomes first FDA-approved treatment for adolescents with severe alopecia

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Key takeaways:

  • Litfulo is the first FDA-approved treatment for severe alopecia in patients aged as young as 12 years.
  • The approval was based on results from a phase 2b/3 trial recently published in The Lancet.

The FDA has approved Litfulo, a once-daily oral treatment, for the treatment of severe alopecia in individuals aged 12 years and older, Pfizer announced in a press release.

Litfulo (ritlecitinib), a selective dual Janus kinase 3 and tyrosine family kinase inhibitor, is now the first-ever FDA-approved treatment for severe alopecia in adolescents, according to the press release.

“Litfulo is an important treatment advancement for alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease that previously had no FDA-approved options for adolescents and limited options available for adults,” Angela Hwang, chief commercial officer and president of global biopharmaceuticals business at Pfizer, said in the release. “With today’s approval, adolescents and adults who struggle with substantial hair loss have an opportunity to achieve significant scalp hair regrowth.”

Data from ALLEGRO, a phase 2b/3 trial recently published in The Lancet, were used to support the approval.

Results from the study showed that 23% of patients treated with 50 mg of Litfulo achieved 80% or greater scalp hair coverage after 6 months of treatment, whereas 1.6% of placebo-treated patients achieved the same.

Litfulo exhibited similar efficacy and safety outcomes across all age groups. Most adverse events were well-tolerated by patients with the most common being headaches (10.8%), diarrhea (10%), acne (6.2%), rashes (5.4%) and urticaria (4.6%). Sixteen serious adverse events were reported in 14 patients; however, there were no major events or deaths.

According to the release, Litfulo will be available in the coming weeks.

Reference:

Perspective

Back to Top Maryanne Senna, MD)

Maryanne M. Senna, MD

For decades, when patients with severe alopecia areata sought treatment for their condition, the therapies available were either incredibly painful, led to significant long term side effects or were ineffective. Last year, our ability to care for this patient population was transformed with the first FDA approval of a JAK inhibitor for severe alopecia areata in adults. However, the adolescent and young adult alopecia areata population — one that is particularly affected by this chronic autoimmune hair loss condition — was still left without a favorable option.

Adolescence is a complex period of development and an important time of growth and discovery. As a dermatologist and hair loss specialist, I routinely witness the profound negative impact that severe alopecia can have on this patient population. Teens who were once successful students and athletes start avoiding school, sports practice and social activities. These adolescents commonly develop depression and anxiety, and many will experience bullying by their peers.

The FDA approval of ritlecitinib has paved the way for a brighter future for these patients. By successfully treating their alopecia, these adolescents and young adults are able to once again confidently navigate their lives, free from the burdens of stigma and chronic disease. By targeting underlying mechanisms of alopecia, this innovative therapy not only promotes hair regrowth but also effectively mitigates the emotional and social burdens associated with alopecia areata, empowering patients to realize their true potential.

Maryanne M. Senna, MD

Assistant Professor of Dermatology at Harvard Medical School Director of Lahey Hair Loss Center of Excellence at Lahey Hospital and Medical Center

What Your Hair & Scalp Say About Your Health

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Does Bad Hair Mean Bad Health?

Does Bad Hair Mean Bad Health?

1/18

Is your hair trying to tell you something about your health? Maybe. Some conditions and medications affect your body as well as your hair. In other cases, you may just need to take better care of your hair or scalp. Use this pictorial guide to see what separates myth from fact when it comes to your health and your hair.

White Flakes Pose No Health Risk

White Flakes Pose No Health Risk

2/18

Dandruff isn’t contagious. So how do you get it? Doctors aren’t sure, but one theory is that it may be due to an overgrowth of a fungus. Other possible risk factors include oily skin, stress, obesity, cold, dry weather, and having eczema or psoriasis. Although it’s embarrassing — and the itching can be bothersome — dandruff isn’t harmful.

Tips for Dandruff Treatment

Tips for Dandruff Treatment

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To decrease the buildup of dandruff’s dead skin cells, try using an antidandruff shampoo daily. Leave shampoo on for 5 minutes, then rinse well. You may need to try several dandruff shampoos to find one that works best for you. If one stops working, try another. If that doesn’t help, call your doctor.

Yellow Dandruff?

Yellow Dandruff?

4/18

If the dandruff flakes you see are greasy and yellow, you may have seborrheic dermatitis. It’s an inflammatory skin condition that can occur where there are lots of oil glands, like the scalp and face. Though seborrheic dermatitis is related to hormones, fungus and even some neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease or HIV, these conditions are all treated the same as dandruff: with antidandruff shampoos.

You May Shed More Than You Think

You May Shed More Than You Think

5/18

It’s not a perfect measure, but some experts estimate that we may shed up to 100 or more hairs a day. That’s not cause for alarm, nor does it mean you’re going bald. About 90% of your 100,000 hair follicles are producing hair at any given time. The other 10% are in a resting (telogen) phase, and the hair falls out after about 2 to 3 months. It’s replaced by new hair, and the growth cycle starts over again.

What Causes Telogen Effluvium?

What Causes Telogen Effluvium?

6/18

Telogen effluvium (TE) is when hair thins due to stress. TE causes actively growing hairs to cycle into the resting stage and fall out. This means a decrease in the number of hair follicles producing hair, causing a thinning.

An Attack on Hair Follicles

An Attack on Hair Follicles

7/18

In alopecia areata, your immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, causing hair to fall out — often suddenly. Most people will have one or two bald patches, which can be treated easily with injections but in some cases all body hair falls out. Alopecia areata isn’t harmful or contagious, but it can be tough psychologically. Hair may grow back on its own, and treatment may help it grow back more quickly. Unfortunately, some people may experience alopecia areata repeatedly.

Genes Cause 90% of Male Hair Loss

Genes Cause 90% of Male Hair Loss

8/18

Though hereditary, the trait may be more influenced by your mother’s family than your father’s. So a look at your maternal grandfather’s locks may give you a better clue about the future of yours. Male pattern baldness often starts with receding hair at the temples, then on the crown, leaving a horseshoe-shaped ring of hair around the sides of the head. Medications to slow hair loss include finasteride (Propecia) and minoxidil (Rogaine).

Female-Pattern Baldness

Female-Pattern Baldness

9/18

Age-related thinning may mean hair thinning all over the head, but pattern hair loss is usually most common on top of the head. Unlike men, women rarely go bald, and they tend to lose hair more slowly than men do. Contrary to popular belief, longer hair won’t put a strain on the roots, causing more to fall out. Nor will shampooing pull hair out — it just gets the ones that were falling out already. Minoxidil 5% applied once daily may help hair growth and prevent thinning. Spironolactone and Flutamide (oral medications) can also be used in women.

Avoid Sun Damage to Hair

Avoid Sun Damage to Hair

10/18

Too much sun can turn your hair into a brittle, dry mop that breaks and splits easily. This is especially true in those with blonde or grey hair. And if you already have thinning hair, you risk a sunburn on your scalp. Choosing hair care products with sunscreen provides some protection, although it can be hard to coat your hair evenly. That’s why it’s a good idea to wear a hat when you’re out in the sun — especially if your scalp is exposed. Choose a hat made of sun-protective fabric with UPF 30 (ultraviolet protection factor).

Luscious Locks Need Nutrients

Luscious Locks Need Nutrients

11/18

Could a crash diet cost you your hair? In extreme cases, it could. Your hair needs protein and iron to stay healthy, along with omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, and vitamin A, but not too much — which can promote hair loss. Very low-calorie diets are often lacking in sufficient nutrients and can stunt hair growth or leave hair dull and limp. If the nutritional deficiency is big enough — like for someone with an eating disorder — hair can fall out.

A Hair- and Heart-Healthy Diet

A Hair- and Heart-Healthy Diet

12/18

Help keep hair shiny by eating salmon and walnuts for omega-3 fatty acids; spinach and carrots for vitamin A; brazil nuts for selenium; and oysters and cashews for zinc. All help maintain scalp and hair health, as do low-fat dairy, whole grains, and vegetables. Double the results: Foods good for your hair are also good for your heart.

Premature Gray Hair Is Genetic

Premature Gray Hair Is Genetic

13/18

Going gray isn’t always related to aging. If you’re not yet 40 and see more than a few gray hairs, chances are it runs in your family. Gray usually isn’t a sign of poor health, though anemia, thyroid issues, vitamin B12 deficiency, and vitiligo can cause premature graying. You can highlight or color hair to cover the gray, but beware: Some people are sensitive to the chemicals in dyes. The result could be an itchy, burning scalp.

Traction Alopecia Damages Follicles

Traction Alopecia Damages Follicles

14/18

Pulling hair too tight — as can happen with ponytails, braids, and cornrows — can damage hair follicles and cause hair to break or fall out. Hair extensions and hairpieces can sometimes cause traction alopecia, too, because their extra weight pulls on existing hair. Changing your hairstyle usually lets hair grow back. Pulling hair back tightly for a long time, though, can lead to permanent hair loss.

Overstyling Weakens Your Hair

Overstyling Weakens Your Hair

15/18

Blow drying, using a flat iron, coloring, bleaching, even over-brushing — all can damage the outer layer (cuticle) of your hair. When the inner core of hair is exposed, your locks become dry and dull. Although it doesn’t cause any permanent health damage, you can overstyle to the point that your only option for healthy hair is to cut it off and start over. When it comes to your hair, doing less leads to healthier tresses.

A Surprising Side Effect

A Surprising Side Effect

16/18

Among the medications that list hair loss as a side effect are anticlotting drugs, cholesterol-lowering drugs, antidepressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and drugs for menopause, birth control, and antibiotics. Usually, hair grows back when the medication is stopped, but may not in some cases.

Scalp Massage Feels So Good

Scalp Massage Feels So Good

17/18

There’s no evidence that massaging your scalp will slow hair loss or improve any scalp conditions — but it can do wonders to relieve stress. Your scalp is covered with nerve endings that make it super-sensitive to touch. Rubbing your scalp may help release tension. Massage may also trigger the release of feel-good hormones like dopamine and serotonin.

Hair Analysis Not Reliable

Hair Analysis Not Reliable

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Some companies claim they can analyze hair clippings to see if you are deficient in vitamins or have health problems. Although hair analysis can detect some poisons like lead or arsenic, findings can be inconsistent and varied. Everything from air pollution to shampoo may affect test results. The American Medical Association is against hair analysis to determine treatment.

14 Ways to Help Your Hair Grow Faster and Stronger

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Cool It Down

Cool It Down

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Heat styling can break and damage hair. If you often get blow-outs or use a curling or straightening iron or hot comb, your hair may not grow as quickly as you’d like. If you must use heat:

  • Spritz on a heat protectant first.
  • Use the coolest setting.
  • Work quickly so heat touches your hair as little as possible.
  • Don’t use it every day.
Let Wet Hair Be

Let Wet Hair Be

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Wet hair is super-stretchy. If you brush it when it’s dripping, you could break strands or damage the cuticle, the shingle-like cells that protect each hair. Using heat tools on very wet hair can create bubbles in the hair shaft, making it extra fragile. If your hair’s straight, let it air-dry, then comb gently with a wide-tooth comb. For textured or curly hair, gently detangle with a wide-tooth comb while it’s damp.

Take Care With Color

Take Care With Color

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Bleach and other chemical hair treatments like permanents weaken your hair, so it’s more likely to break before it grows to your longed-for length.  If you choose a hue not too far from your natural color — say, three shades — you’ll need less damaging peroxide. Always spot-test store-bought dye before applying it to your whole head.

Meds Can Help or Hurt

Meds Can Help or Hurt

4/14

Minoxidil is an over-the-counter medication that can help you hang on to the hair you have and even regrow some you’ve lost. But you must continue using it to keep up the results. Prescription meds to treat hair loss include spironolactone (Aldactone) and finasteride (Propecia). Hair loss may be a side effect of some medicines, including beta-blockers and amphetamines. Ask your doctor about alternatives if this happens to you.

Get a Trim

Get a Trim

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How could a haircut help your hair grow? When you get a trim, what comes off is the ends, the weakest parts of the strands. If left as is, those ends could break or split. Split ends can travel up your hair shafts and make your locks even shorter. Just don’t cut too much, if growth is your goal. Your hair grows about 1/2 inch a month, so you might aim for a 1/4-inch trim every 3 months or so.

Stress Less

Stress Less

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Serious stress can send hair into a resting phase, skipping the stage that coaxes it to grow. It may put you at higher risk for a condition called alopecia areata, where your own immune system attacks your hair follicles. It could also lead to trichotillomania, a strong urge to pull out your hair. Your hair might grow back when you reduce the stress in your life or find ways to manage it.

Handle With Care

Handle With Care

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If your hair breaks easily, it needs extra pampering. For example, Black hair tends to be fragile, so pour on the TLC:

  • Don’t over-wash. Just do it enough to remove product buildup. That might be weekly or every other week.
  • If you relax your hair, go to a pro. Be sparing with touch-ups. Get them only about every 2-3 months, and only to new hair growth.
  • Treat your hair to a hot oil treatment every couple of weeks.
Take Care With Extensions and Braids

Take Care With Extensions and Braids

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Wearing extensions or a weave might seem like a handy shortcut to the long locks you crave. But don’t wear them for more than 2-3 months at a time. And never pull them out yourself. It can harm your hair and scalp. If it hurts when your hair is styled into extensions, braids, weaves, or cornrows, they’re too tight and will damage your hair. Ask for a redo.

Get Into Condition(er)

Get Into Condition(er)

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Use conditioner every time you shampoo. It not only helps your hair behave and look better, it strengthens it and shields it from the sun’s harmful UV rays. If you have fine hair, apply it to just the bottom of your hair to avoid weighing it down. For Black hair, coat the tips well to nourish those fragile ends.

Don’t Lose Weight Too Fast

Don’t Lose Weight Too Fast

10/14

When you want to shed pounds, make sure your hair doesn’t go with them. Just as stress can trigger hair loss, so can sudden weight loss. For example, if you don’t get enough protein, your body will use what it can get — and hair growth is low priority. When your nutrition returns to normal, it’ll grow back. But it’s much better for you,  and your hair, to follow a healthy, slower-paced diet plan.

Don't Be Deficient

Don’t Be Deficient

11/14

There’s no supplement proven to make hair grow faster. But if you’re short on certain nutrients, it can affect your hair. Low iron causes anemia, which can trigger hair loss. Vitamins B and D factor big in healthy hair. So do zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and the B vitamin biotin. Your doctor can test you for deficiencies. Ask them whether you should take a multivitamin or supplement and how much.

Sleep on Satin

Sleep on Satin

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Crisp cotton linens feel good against your skin, but they might not be the best choice if you have fragile hair. Some people swear by wearing a satin bonnet to bed or sleeping on satin pillowcases. That won’t make hair grow faster, but it may reduce friction, frizz, and breakage. It feels luxurious, too.

Give Yourself a Massage

Give Yourself a Massage

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A few small studies have indicated that regular head massages might help hair grow  in thicker. We need more research on this. But massages are known to help ease stress, and stress can contribute to hair loss. Besides, they feel great. Try a scalp massaging tool. Or gently press, stretch, and pinch your own scalp for several minutes each day. 

Consider Microneedling

Consider Microneedling

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Microneedling uses a roller with hundreds of fine needles to make tiny punctures in your scalp. It’s shown promise in helping people with hair loss, especially when used with other treatments like minoxidil. Scientists think it helps the medications penetrate your skin. You can buy microneedling kits over the counter, but it’s safer to see a dermatologist. Microneedling is complicated and can even make some conditions worse.  

Hair Repigmentation Induced by Nilotinib

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A 51-year-old man with chronic myeloid leukemia visited the oncology clinic for routine follow-up. Treatment with nilotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, had been initiated 18 months earlier. During that time, the patient had noticed, much to his delight, the gradual repigmentation of his gray hair (Panel A, photo obtained approximately 1 year before the initiation of nilotinib) to its original color. During the same period, he had not started any other new medications and had used no hair-coloring products. On physical examination, his previously gray hair was noted to have become brown (Panel B). No other changes in his hair, skin, or mucosal pigmentation were observed. Molecular testing showed a deep molecular response. A diagnosis of medication-induced hair repigmentation due to the use of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor was made. Given the response of the leukemia to treatment with nilotinib, it was continued, and the patient’s hair remained brown.

Benefits and Side Effects of Mustard Oil for Hair

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Applying mustard oil to your hair can do wonders in treating dry, frizzy and dull hair. The oil is rich in monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and saturated fat which are incredibly beneficial in the deep conditioning of hair.Benefits and Side Effects of Mustard Oil for Hair

Regular usage of mustard oil results in nourished, shiny, and soft hair. It also addresses the problems of damaged, split hair and flaky scalp. Mustard oil boasts of antibacterial and anti-fungal properties which helps in reducing the problem of dandruff in the hair

Despite a host of beneficiary properties, mustard oil can result in a lot of side effects if it is used in the wrong way. Here are some things which you should know before utilising mustard oil for hair care.

Perform a patch test

It is important for you to do a patch test before using mustard oil. With a patch test, you can get to know about the potential allergies you may have to avoid the sideeffects of the oil.

Do not use it on an oily scalp

You shouldn’t use mustard oil in case you have an oily scalp as this will clog the pores of the skin and will reduce the hydration of hair.

No using it overnight

A lot of individuals apply mustard oil to the hair and leave it overnight owing to which the oily molecules stick to the scalp and do not wash out even after shampooing. It is therefore important to apply the oil 30 minutes before you wash your hair.

Never apply it cold

It is important to ensure that you heat the oil before applying it to the hair. The heating process separates the sticky fat molecules from the oil making it lighter. This results in easy absorption of the oil by hair follicles and enhances nourishment.

4 Research-Backed Supplements to Boost Your Hair, Skin, and Nails

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fish oilCollagen. Biotin. Shark cartilage. Frankincense. Even… placenta? Every day, patients in my dermatology practice ask about supplements claiming to restore or improve the skin, hair, or nails. But do they, really?

Unlike medicines, which are regulated by the Food & Drug Administration, over-the-counter supplements are subject to little oversight. There is no guarantee that their claims or ingredients are backed by science (or that the ingredients on the label are actually even in the tablet) – making the supplement aisle the wild west of every pharmacy. While no vitamin or supplement should ever be taken without consulting a physician first, there are a few that are backed by scientific research showing that they may have a positive effect on our strands, skin, or nails. Here are some of them.

For skin cancer prevention: Vitamin B3, also called nicotinamide, has been shown to lower the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancers (such as basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma) and precancerous growths (called actinic keratoses). In a 2015 New England Journal of Medicine study of more than 600 patients with a history of skin cancer, 500mg of B3 taken twice daily led to a 23% drop in new cancerous growths over 1 year. Sun protection remains the most important way to lower skin cancer risk – but those stats aren’t too shabby, for a vitamin.

For brittle nails: Biotin (also called vitamin H or B7) was shown to increase nail plate thickness by 25% in patients with brittle nails, while reducing splitting and improving nail smoothness, according to studies from the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (JAAD) and Cutis. The optimal dose isn’t known, but dermatologists have suggested 2.5mg daily for those with delicate nails. Just be sure to let your doctor know if you take biotin, and consider holding off on the vitamin prior to any bloodwork: In 2017, the FDA issued a warning that it can interfere with certain lab tests, including some measuring cardiovascular and thyroid levels.

For thinning hair: As a dermatologist, I never used to recommend dietary supplements for patients with sparse or shedding hair, unless there was a specific nutritional or medical issue to correct. Now I sometimes do for patients with male or female pattern hair loss – the gradual thinning many of us are prone to later in life. Small, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of men and women with thinning hair, published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology and Dermatology Research and Practice, showed a significant increase in hair density with reduced shedding over 3 to 6 months on a marine supplement called Viviscal. And the plant-based Nutrafol led to an increased number of hairs, with increased thickness, volume and growth rate in women over 3 to 6 months, according to a May 2018 study from the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. This supplement contains ingredients said to reduce inflammation, antioxidants to help guard against cell-damage, and saw palmetto, which may inhibit hormonal factors that can contribute to hair thinning.

For psoriasis: Fish oil supplements may help to alleviate rashes in those suffering from psoriasis – a chronic condition of scaly, pink skin that often affects the elbows, knees, scalp, and other areas. A 2014 meta-analysis published in JAAD showed a moderate benefit in psoriasis – reduced area of rash, and improved thickness and redness of psoriasis – after supplementing with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oils (eicosapentanoic acid, EPA, and docosahexanoic acid, DHA). The study authors suggested doses of 0.45 to 13.5 grams of EPA and up to 9 grams of DHA daily – and explained that the supplements are expected to be most helpful when used along with established psoriasis medications.

For whatever ails you: If there’s a supplement you believe in, it might just work – due to the powerful placebo effect. Decades of research have shown that the expectation of results is sometimes enough to actually see results. That’s one reason I don’t discourage vitamins that have a decent safety profile, if a patient truly believes in them.

But before starting any supplement, be sure to talk to your doctor to find out if it’s right for you and whether it’s safe to take with other medicines.

9 Bad Beauty Habits to Break ASAP

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Expert tips to help you quit.

Everyone has a bad habit. Whether it’s leaving wet towels on the bed or sleeping with a full face of makeup, we’re all guilty of something because…life. That said, some quirks are worse than others, particularly when it comes to your beauty routine. Your hair, makeup, and nail missteps may seem harmless now, but eventually they could require even more effort to repair. SELF reached out to some of the top beauty experts in the industry for those killer practices they all really wish we’d stop doing. Think of them as your New Year’s “glam-o-lutions.”

1. Change your pillowcase often.

Even if you can’t see or smell the nastiness that’s gathering on your pillowcase, just trust us: it’s affecting your skin. “Excess dirt, oil, and makeup accumulate on your pillowcase, particularly if you sleep with a dirty face. This accumulation can not only cause skin irritation the next day, but also blocked pores and breakouts,” explains Joshua Zeichner, M.D., Director of Cosmetic and Clinical Research at The Mount Sinai Hospital.

You want to change your pillowcase often, and make sure to wash your face before bed. If you’re just too tired to cleanse at night, cheat. “Keep a container of cleansing towelettes by your bedside. While they may not be quite as effective as traditional cleansers, they will do the job if you are too lazy to walk back to the bathroom.” Dickinson’s Original Witch Hazel Daily Refreshingly Clean Cleansing Cloths ($8.94, Walmart.com) are cost-effective and will take care of it.

2. Don’t use dull razor blades.

We’re all guilty of hanging onto that blade too long, but Dr. Whitney Bowe, board-certified dermatologist, says this habit could cause serious issues. “Keep your razor blade sharp by storing it in a dry place after use, which can prevent rusty blades and decrease your chance of a bacterial or fungal infection,” she says. “It’s also important to rinse your razor out thoroughly. If you don’t, soap and shaving cream will dry in between the blades, making them dull.”

3. Throw out old hair products after a year.

Stockpiling hair products in your shower? It’s time to purge that stash. “Don’t keep any shampoos and conditioners more than a year,” recommends Kattia Solano, owner of Butterfly Studio Salon. “The formula can break down, rendering the product less effective.” Solano suggests pairing cleansers down to two. “I like to keep two shampoos in the shower: a cleansing version like Shu Uemura Art of Hair Cleansing Oil Shampoo ($57, Birchbox.com,) and another for specific needs, like color preservation, moisture, or volumizing.”

4. Quit picking your cuticles.

This is a particular sore spot for Jin Soon Choi, celebrity manicurist and creator of JINsoon Nail Products. “A surprising number of people bite their nails and pick at their cuticles,” she says. “Moisturizing your nails and cuticles prevents hangnails and the temptation to bite them.” If regular manicures or applying vinegar around the nail bed isn’t enough to prevent chewing, Choi suggests applying Tiger Balm Ultra Sports Rub ($11.95, Drugstore.com) to nails and cuticles. “It has a very strong smell, yet it moisturizes thoroughly.”

5. Remove all your makeup before you work out.

Sweaty makeup is never as cute as you want it to be. “From an aesthetic standpoint—unless you’re wearing waterproof—it might be dripping down your face. From a dermatological standpoint, makeup and sweat are never a good combination,” explains Dendy Engelman, M.D., Director of Dermatologic Surgery and Laser Medicine at Metropolitan Hospital, and dermatologist at Manhattan Dermatology & Cosmetic Surgery. “When you’re hot, the body naturally cools by sweating and sweat escapes through your pores. If you have a layer of makeup over those pores, it’s causing a blockage. So now there’s sweat, bacteria, and makeup trapped in a pore with nowhere to go, which can lead to pimples. Dr. Engleman recommends an antioxidant serum like Caudalie Polyphenol C15 Anti-Wrinkle Defense Serum ($62, Sephora.com) applied to a clean face prior to sweating for maximum benefit.

6. Stop playing with your hair.

Although cute in the first grade, according to Janelle Chaplin, Global Creative Director, Original & Mineral, you’re wrecking things as an adult. “It creates stress on your locks and adds to oil build up.” Chaplin recommends keeping a small smoothing brush along with a detangler like O&M Mini Know Knott ($11, Originalmineral.com) in your purse. “No twisting, touching, playing, or using your dirty mitts on your locks!”

7. Give up tanning.

Tanning is never OK. “Stop thinking that a tan is ‘healthy’ as long as you don’t burn,” warns Dr. Elizabeth Tanzi, Founder & Director of Capital Laser & Skin Care and Clinical Professor of Dermatology at The George Washington Medical Center. “A tan is a sign the skin has already been damaged. Protect your skin from premature aging and skin cancer by regularly using sunscreen and more importantly cover with a hat and clothing. It makes a big difference!” Try gentle sunscreens like Drunk Elephant Umbra Sheer Physical Defense SPF 30 ($38, Sephora.com).

8. Don’t skip the serums.

What’s the most common skincare mistake? Forgetting to bolster your sunscreen with antioxidants. “The most preventable cause of aging is sun damage from daily outdoor exposure, but common SPF creams prevent only about 50-60% of environmental damage,” explains Dr. Jennifer Myers, board-certified dermatologist of Myers Dermatology. “Environmental exposure to UV rays and pollutants lead to wrinkles, dull texture, brown spots, and even skin cancer. The most effective anti-aging secret is the use of an antioxidant paired with sunscreen every single day. These serums reverse free radical damage and give an added layer of protection.” Dr. Meyers recommends SkinCeuticals CE Ferulic ($162, Skinceuticals.com) used in combination with a zinc and titanium-based sunscreen with SPF 50 for maximum benefit.

9. Stop over-processing your hair.

Bleach paired with heat styling equals the mother of all recipes for bad hair. So beautiful, but so bad for you. “Dry, damaged, and brittle hair is typically the result of too many chemical services (color, perms, relaxers, straighteners, extensions); repeated or inappropriate use of heated styling tools; and environmental stressors like the sun, hot water, and chlorine,” says David Adams hair colorist for Aveda. “Over-processing breaks down the protein (keratin) in the hair, which causes breakage, split ends, and dull look.” Plus it destroys the cuticle, causing dryness and frizz. If this describes your hair, Adams suggests a combination of regular salon treatments and proper home care like Aveda Damage Remedy Intensive Restructuring Treatment ($36, Aveda.com) paired with proper lessons for blow drying and heat styling.